Manuallly upgrade existing DKIM keys from 1024-bit to 2048-bit
Connect to Exchange online using powershell
Import-Module ExchangeOnlineManagement
Connect-ExchangeOnline
Upgrade key to 2048-bit
Rotate-DkimSigningConfig -KeySize 2048 -Identity {domain name}
Example
Rotate-DkimSigningConfig -KeySize 2048 -Identity productivv.be
Result
Get-DkimSigningConfig -identity productivv.be | Select Selector1KeySize
This new 2048-bit key takes effect on the RotateOnDate, and will send emails with the 1024-bit key in the interim. After four days, you can test again with the 2048-bit key (that is, once the rotation takes effect to the second selector).
Get-DkimSigningConfig -identity productivv.be | Select RotateOnDate
Sources: